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Aaron

Person c. 1573 BC – 1450 BC Chronological estimate ⓘ Open in tree

brother of Moses (EXO 4:14) and Levitical priest (EXO 28:1)

Lineage: God › Adam › Seth › Enos › Cainan › Mahalaleel › Jared › Enoch › Methuselah › Lamech › Noah › Shem › Arphaxad › Cainan › Salah › Eber › Peleg › Reu › Serug › Nahor › Terah › Abraham › Isaac › Jacob › Levi › Kohath › Amram › Aaron

Names
  • en Aaron
    a teacher; lofty; mountain of strength
  • en Aaron · Also called · H175 · EXO 4:14
    a teacher; lofty; mountain of strength
  • he אַהֲרֹ֤ן aharon · H175 · EXO 4:14
  • he אַהֲרֹן · H0175
  • el Ααρων Aarōn · EXO 4:14
  • el Ἀαρών · G0002
  • bg Аарон
Birth
Death
Mentioned in (335)
Exod 4:14 Exod 4:27 Exod 4:28 Exod 4:29 Exod 4:30 Exod 5:1 Exod 5:4 Exod 5:20 Exod 6:13 Exod 6:20 Exod 6:23 Exod 6:25 Exod 6:26 Exod 6:27 Exod 7:1 Exod 7:2 Exod 7:6 Exod 7:7 Exod 7:8 Exod 7:9 Exod 7:10 Exod 7:12 Exod 7:19 Exod 7:20 Exod 8:5 Exod 8:6 Exod 8:8 Exod 8:12 Exod 8:16 Exod 8:17 Exod 8:25 Exod 9:8 Exod 9:27 Exod 10:3 Exod 10:8 Exod 10:16 Exod 11:10 Exod 12:1 Exod 12:28 Exod 12:31 Exod 12:43 Exod 12:50 Exod 15:20 Exod 16:2 Exod 16:6 Exod 16:9 Exod 16:10 Exod 16:33 Exod 16:34 Exod 17:10 Exod 17:12 Exod 18:12 Exod 19:24 Exod 24:1 Exod 24:9 Exod 24:14 Exod 27:21 Exod 28:1 Exod 28:2 Exod 28:3 Exod 28:4 Exod 28:12 Exod 28:29 Exod 28:30 Exod 28:35 Exod 28:38 Exod 28:40 Exod 28:41 Exod 28:43 Exod 29:4 Exod 29:5 Exod 29:9 Exod 29:10 Exod 29:15 Exod 29:19 Exod 29:20 Exod 29:21 Exod 29:24 Exod 29:26 Exod 29:27 Exod 29:28 Exod 29:29 Exod 29:32 Exod 29:35 Exod 29:44 Exod 30:7 Exod 30:8 Exod 30:10 Exod 30:19 Exod 30:21 Exod 30:30 Exod 31:10 Exod 32:1 Exod 32:2 Exod 32:3 Exod 32:5 Exod 32:21 Exod 32:22 Exod 32:25 Exod 32:35 Exod 34:30 Exod 34:31 Exod 35:19 Exod 38:21 Exod 39:1 Exod 39:27 Exod 39:41 Exod 40:12 Exod 40:13 Exod 40:31 Lev 1:5 Lev 1:7 Lev 1:8 Lev 1:11 Lev 2:2 Lev 2:3 Lev 2:10 Lev 3:2 Lev 3:5 Lev 3:8 Lev 3:13 Lev 6:9 Lev 6:14 Lev 6:16 Lev 6:18 Lev 6:20 Lev 6:25 Lev 7:10 Lev 7:31 Lev 7:33 Lev 7:34 Lev 7:35 Lev 8:2 Lev 8:6 Lev 8:12 Lev 8:13 Lev 8:14 Lev 8:18 Lev 8:22 Lev 8:23 Lev 8:24 Lev 8:27 Lev 8:30 Lev 8:31 Lev 8:36 Lev 9:1 Lev 9:2 Lev 9:7 Lev 9:8 Lev 9:9 Lev 9:12 Lev 9:18 Lev 9:21 Lev 9:22 Lev 9:23 Lev 10:1 Lev 10:3 Lev 10:4 Lev 10:6 Lev 10:8 Lev 10:12 Lev 10:16 Lev 10:19 Lev 11:1 Lev 13:1 Lev 13:2 Lev 14:33 Lev 15:1 Lev 16:1 Lev 16:2 Lev 16:3 Lev 16:6 Lev 16:8 Lev 16:9 Lev 16:11 Lev 16:21 Lev 16:23 Lev 17:2 Lev 21:1 Lev 21:17 Lev 21:21 Lev 21:24 Lev 22:2 Lev 22:4 Lev 22:18 Lev 24:3 Lev 24:9 Num 1:3 Num 1:17 Num 1:44 Num 2:1 Num 3:1 Num 3:2 Num 3:3 Num 3:4 Num 3:6 Num 3:9 Num 3:10 Num 3:32 Num 3:38 Num 3:39 Num 3:48 Num 3:51 Num 4:1 Num 4:5 Num 4:15 Num 4:16 Num 4:17 Num 4:19 Num 4:27 Num 4:28 Num 4:33 Num 4:34 Num 4:37 Num 4:41 Num 4:45 Num 4:46 Num 6:22 Num 6:23 Num 7:8 Num 8:2 Num 8:3 Num 8:11 Num 8:13 Num 8:19 Num 8:20 Num 8:21 Num 8:22 Num 9:6 Num 10:8 Num 12:1 Num 12:4 Num 12:5 Num 12:10 Num 12:11 Num 13:26 Num 14:2 Num 14:5 Num 14:26 Num 15:33 Num 16:3 Num 16:11 Num 16:16 Num 16:17 Num 16:18 Num 16:20 Num 16:37 Num 16:40 Num 16:41 Num 16:42 Num 16:43 Num 16:46 Num 16:47 Num 16:50 Num 17:3 Num 17:6 Num 17:8 Num 17:10 Num 18:1 Num 18:8 Num 18:20 Num 18:28 Num 19:1 Num 20:2 Num 20:6 Num 20:8 Num 20:10 Num 20:12 Num 20:23 Num 20:24 Num 20:25 Num 20:26 Num 20:28 Num 20:29 Num 25:7 Num 25:11 Num 26:1 Num 26:9 Num 26:59 Num 26:60 Num 26:64 Num 27:13 Num 33:1 Num 33:38 Num 33:39 Deut 9:20 Deut 10:6 Deut 32:50 Josh 21:4 Josh 21:10 Josh 21:13 Josh 21:19 Josh 24:5 Josh 24:33 Judg 20:28 1 Sam 12:6 1 Sam 12:8 1 Chr 6:3 1 Chr 6:49 1 Chr 6:50 1 Chr 6:54 1 Chr 6:57 1 Chr 12:27 1 Chr 15:4 1 Chr 23:13 1 Chr 23:28 1 Chr 23:32 1 Chr 24:1 1 Chr 24:19 1 Chr 24:31 1 Chr 27:17 2 Chr 13:9 2 Chr 13:10 2 Chr 26:18 2 Chr 29:21 2 Chr 31:19 2 Chr 35:14 Ezra 7:5 Neh 10:38 Neh 12:47 Ps 77:20 Ps 99:6 Ps 105:26 Ps 106:16 Ps 115:10 Ps 115:12 Ps 118:3 Ps 133:2 Ps 135:19 Mic 6:4 Luke 1:5 Acts 7:40 Heb 5:4 Heb 7:11 Heb 9:4

SDA Books (131)

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Age · 123

Explicitly stated · Age explicitly stated in the Bible text.

NUM 33:39

Source calculation and assumptions

The year of Aaron_1's birth is the year of the Exodus (2515) - his age when he spoke with Pharaoh just before the Exodus (83) = 2432

The year of Aaron_1's death is the year he was born (2432) + his age at death (123) = 2555

Aaron was 83 when they spoke with Pharaoh at the time of the Exodus so Aaron was born 83 years before the Exodus.

Dates and sources (15)

Absolute years are conditional chronological estimates. A biblical passage may state an age or event, but does not by itself establish a BCE year. Different calendar systems are preserved separately.

Family of origin
Family with Elisheba
Aaron Summary STEPBible TIPNR

Aaron was Moses' older brother and served as the first high priest of Israel.

Aaron Article STEPBible TIPNR

Aaron was the older brother of Moses and Miriam, from the tribe of Levi. God appointed Aaron to be Moses' spokesman when Moses was called to lead the Israelites out of Egypt. Aaron performed signs before Pharaoh, including turning his staff into a snake. He assisted Moses during the Exodus, including holding up Moses' arms during the battle against the Amalekites.

God chose Aaron and his descendants to serve as priests for the Israelites. Aaron was consecrated as the first high priest and wore special priestly garments. He was responsible for offering sacrifices, burning incense, and performing other priestly duties in the tabernacle. Aaron also played a role in several significant events, such as the golden calf incident and the rebellion of Korah.

Aaron married Elisheba, and they had four sons: Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar. Nadab and Abihu died when they offered unauthorized fire before the Lord. Aaron died at the age of 123 on Mount Hor, and his son Eleazar succeeded him as high priest. Despite his flaws, Aaron was a key figure in Israel's history and played a crucial role in establishing the priesthood.

Aaron Dictionary Easton's Bible Dictionary (1897)

The eldest son of Amram and Jochebed, a daughter of Levi (Ex. 6:20). Some explain the name as meaning mountaineer, others mountain of strength, illuminator. He was born in Egypt three years before his brother Moses, and a number of years after his sister Miriam (2:1, 4; 7:7). He married Elisheba, the daughter of Amminadab of the house of Judah (6:23; 1 Chr. 2:10), by whom he had four sons, Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar. When the time for the deliverance of Isarael out of Egypt drew nigh, he was sent by God (Ex. 4:14, 27-30) to meet his long-absent brother, that he might co-operate with him in all that they were required to do in bringing about the Exodus. He was to be the “mouth” or “prophet” of Moses, i.e., was to speak for him, because he was a man of a ready utterance (7:1, 2, 9, 10, 19). He was faithful to his trust, and stood by Moses in all his interviews with Pharaoh.

When the ransomed tribes fought their first battle with Amalek in Rephidim, Moses stood on a hill overlooking the scene of the conflict with the rod of God in his outstretched hand. On this occasion he was attended by Aaron and Hur, his sister’s husband, who held up his wearied hands till Joshua and the chosen warriors of Israel gained the victory (17:8-13).

Afterwards, when encamped before Sinai, and when Moses at the command of God ascended the mount to receive the tables of the law, Aaron and his two sons, Nadab and Abihu, along with seventy of the elders of Israel, were permitted to accompany him part of the way, and to behold afar off the manifestation of the glory of Israel’s God (Ex. 19:24; 24:9-11). While Moses remained on the mountain with God, Aaron returned unto the people; and yielding through fear, or ignorance, or instability of character, to their clamour, made unto them a golden calf, and set it up as an object of worship (Ex. 32:4; Ps. 106:19). On the return of Moses to the camp, Aaron was sternly rebuked by him for the part he had acted in this matter; but he interceded for him before God, who forgave his sin (Deut. 9:20).

On the mount, Moses received instructions regarding the system of worship which was to be set up among the people; and in accordance therewith Aaron and his sons were consecrated to the priest’s office (Lev. 8; 9). Aaron, as high priest, held henceforth the prominent place appertaining to that office.

When Israel had reached Hazeroth, in “the wilderness of Paran,” Aaron joined with his sister Miriam in murmuring against Moses, “because of the Ethiopian woman whom he had married,” probably after the death of Zipporah. But the Lord vindicated his servant Moses, and punished Miriam with leprosy (Num. 12). Aaron acknowledged his own and his sister’s guilt, and at the intercession of Moses they were forgiven.

Twenty years after this, when the children of Israel were encamped in the wilderness of Paran, Korah, Dathan, and Abiram conspired against Aaron and his sons; but a fearful judgment from God fell upon them, and they were destroyed, and the next day thousands of the people also perished by a fierce pestilence, the ravages of which were only stayed by the interposition of Aaron (Num. 16). That there might be further evidence of the divine appointment of Aaron to the priestly office, the chiefs of the tribes were each required to bring to Moses a rod bearing on it the name of his tribe. And these, along with the rod of Aaron for the tribe of Levi, were laid up overnight in the tabernacle, and in the morning it was found that while the other rods remained unchanged, that of Aaron “for the house of Levi” budded, blossomed, and yielded almonds (Num. 17:1-10). This rod was afterwards preserved in the tabernacle (Heb. 9:4) as a memorial of the divine attestation of his appointment to the priesthood.

Aaron was implicated in the sin of his brother at Meribah (Num. 20:8-13), and on that account was not permitted to enter the Promised Land. When the tribes arrived at Mount Hor, “in the edge of the land of Edom,” at the command of God Moses led Aaron and his son Eleazar to the top of that mountain, in the sight of all the people. There he stripped Aaron of his priestly vestments, and put them upon Eleazar; and there Aaron died on the top of the mount, being 123 years old (Num. 20:23-29. Comp. Deut. 10:6; 32:50), and was “gathered unto his people.” The people, “even all the house of Israel,” mourned for him thirty days. Of Aaron’s sons two survived him, Eleazar, whose family held the high-priesthood till the time of Eli; and Ithamar, in whose family, beginning with Eli, the high-priesthood was held till the time of Solomon. Aaron’s other two sons had been struck dead (Lev. 10:1, 2) for the daring impiety of offering “strange fire” on the alter of incense.

The Arabs still show with veneration the traditionary site of Aaron’s grave on one of the two summits of Mount Hor, which is marked by a Mohammedan chapel. His name is mentioned in the Koran, and there are found in the writings of the rabbins many fabulous stories regarding him.

He was the first anointed priest. His descendants, “the house of Aaron,” constituted the priesthood in general. In the time of David they were very numerous (1 Chr. 12:27). The other branches of the tribe of Levi held subordinate positions in connection with the sacred office. Aaron was a type of Christ in his official character as the high priest. His priesthood was a “shadow of heavenly things,” and was intended to lead the people of Israel to look forward to the time when “another priest” would arise “after the order of Melchizedek” (Heb. 6:20).

Sources: BibleData (CC BY 4.0, Aaron_1) · STEPBible TIPNR (CC BY 4.0, Aaron@Exo.4.14-Heb) · Theographic Bible Metadata (CC BY-SA 4.0, aaron_1)

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